Electronic properties of curved few-layers graphene : a geometrical approach.

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2018
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We show the presence of non-relativistic Lévy-Leblond fermions in flat three- and four-layers graphene with AB stacking, extending the results obtained in Cariglia et al. 2017 for bilayer graphene. When the layer is curved we obtain a set of equations for Galilean fermions that are a variation of those of Lévy-Leblond with a well defined combination of pseudospin, and that admit Lévy-Leblond spinors as solutions in an approriate limit. The local energy of such Galilean fermions is sensitive to the intrinsic curvature of the surface. We discuss the relationship between two-dimensional pseudospin, labelling layer degrees of freedom, and the different energy bands. For Lévy-Leblond fermions, an interpretation is given in terms of massless fermions in an effective 4D spacetime, and in this case the pseudospin is related to four dimensional chirality. A non-zero energy band gap between conduction and valence electronic bands is obtained for surfaces with positive curvature.
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Lévy-Leblond equations, Non-relativistic fermions, Eisenhart lift, Curved systems
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CARIGLIA, M.; GIAMBÒ, R.; PERALI, A.Electronic properties of curved few-layers graphene : a geometrical approach. Condensed Matter, v. 3, n. 2, p. 1-18, abr. 2018. Disponível em: <http://www.mdpi.com/2410-3896/3/2/11>. Acesso em: 16 jun. 2018.